1.33D*38-64mm fire retardant staple fiber for absorption board

Product Specification

Fire retardant staple fiber 

 1. Composition and Manufacturing
- Materials: It is typically made from high - performance polymers such as aramid fibers (e.g., meta - aramid and para - aramid). These polymers are synthesized through complex chemical processes. For example, meta - aramid fibers are produced by the polycondensation of isophthaloyl chloride and meta - phenylenediamine. Other materials like modacrylic fibers, which are copolymers of acrylonitrile and vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, are also used in the production of fire retardant staple fibers.
- Manufacturing Process: The manufacturing process begins with the preparation of the polymer solution or melt. In the case of solution - spun fibers like aramids, the polymer is dissolved in a suitable solvent to form a viscous dope. This dope is then extruded through spinnerets, which are small nozzles with precisely sized holes. As the extruded filaments emerge, they are solidified through processes such as dry - jet wet - spinning (common for aramid fibers), where the filaments pass through an air gap and then into a coagulation bath. For melt - spun fibers like some modacrylics, the polymer melt is directly extruded through spinnerets and cooled to solidify the filaments. After solidification, the filaments are further processed, such as being stretched to improve their mechanical properties and then cut into staple lengths.

 2. Fire - Retardant Mechanisms
- Thermal Degradation Resistance: Fire retardant staple fibers are designed to withstand high temperatures without melting or igniting easily. When exposed to heat, the chemical structure of the fiber resists thermal degradation. For instance, aramid fibers have a highly aromatic and rigid molecular structure. This structure provides excellent thermal stability, and the strong intermolecular forces prevent the fiber from breaking down rapidly at high temperatures.
- Char Formation: Many fire retardant staple fibers, such as modacrylic fibers, form a char layer when exposed to fire. This char layer acts as a physical barrier, insulating the underlying fiber from the heat source. The char is composed of carbon - rich residues that are relatively stable and prevent the further spread of heat and oxygen to the unburned fiber.
- Inhibition of Combustion Reactions: Some fibers contain fire - retardant additives or elements within their chemical structure that inhibit the combustion reactions. For example, certain fibers may have halogen - containing groups (in the case of some modacrylics) or phosphorus - based compounds. These elements interfere with the free - radical reactions that occur during combustion, effectively quenching the fire and reducing the rate of burning.

 3. Physical and Mechanical Properties
- Appearance: Fire retardant staple fibers usually have a uniform and smooth surface. They come in various colors, with common ones being white, off - white, or light - colored hues. The fiber cross - section can vary depending on the type. For example, aramid fibers often have a round or slightly oval cross - section, while some modacrylic fibers may have a more irregular shape.
- Strength and Durability: These fibers exhibit good tensile strength. Aramid staple fibers, for example, are known for their high strength - to - weight ratio. They can withstand significant pulling forces without breaking, making them suitable for applications where mechanical integrity is crucial, even in the presence of fire threats. They also have good abrasion resistance, which ensures their long - term durability in harsh environments.
- Flexibility: Despite their fire - resistant and strong nature, fire retardant staple fibers offer a certain degree of flexibility. This allows them to be easily processed into different textile forms, such as being spun into yarns and woven or knitted into fabrics. The flexibility also contributes to the comfort of end - products, like protective clothing.

 4. Applications
- Protective Clothing: Fire retardant staple fibers are widely used in the production of protective clothing for firefighters, industrial workers in high - risk environments (such as oil refineries, chemical plants), and military personnel. The clothing made from these fibers provides reliable protection against heat and flames, reducing the risk of burns.
- Aerospace and Aviation: In the aerospace and aviation industries, these fibers are used in interior components such as seat covers, carpets, and wall linings. Their fire - retardant properties help enhance the safety of aircraft cabins by minimizing the spread of fire in case of an emergency.
- Automotive Industry: Fire retardant staple fibers are incorporated into automotive interiors, including seat upholstery, headliners, and floor mats. They meet the strict safety requirements of the automotive industry, ensuring that in the event of a vehicle fire, the spread of flames is slowed down, providing more time for passengers to evacuate.
- Home Furnishings: They are also used in home furnishings such as curtains, upholstery fabrics for sofas and chairs, and mattresses. By using fire retardant staple fibers in these products, the overall fire safety of the home environment is improved, reducing the risk of large - scale fires starting from common household items.